Robespierre and The Reign of Terror

The Reign of Terror took place on the 5 September 1793 and lasted until 28 July 1794, it was a period of violence that occurred fifteen months after the onset of the French Revolution. During this period people's heads would be cut off for no reason what so ever. Max robespierre was the ruler during this time. He used a machine to cut people is heads. He killed who ever he though could be against him of represent a problem for him. He didnt really care about if it was true or not. incited by conflict between rival political factions, the Girondins and the Jacobins, and marked by mass executions of "enemies of the revolution."

Maximilien Robespierre was the main cause of the Reign of Terror, if it was not for his way of ruling people would not have to find a cause to go against him. The Reign of Terror finally came to an end with the head of Max Robespierre.

The French Revolution

In France the king was in charged over everyone and everything, the country was divided into three estates the clergy the nobility and the peasant. The clergy and the nobility were in the first and second estate and the peasant was in the third. The clergy and the nobility was treated fairly they did don’t have to serve the military, they were not require to pay a lot of tax, and they lived in luxury, the peasant was the complete opposite they had to pay tax and serve in the military.

In 1789 a French peasant would've probably complained about maintaining the burden of carrying the higher estates on their back.

The cartoonist was probably pointing out that they were treated as mules to carry and maintain everything in the higher estate. In the quote he is asking when all this unfair or unequal treatment will be over.

The author of source B describes the lives of French peasants as really unfair because they barely have enough to live by and they still have to pay taxes to the nobles.

Sources A, B, and C tells why the peasants would resented the rich people, because in source C the document shows that a peasant only make 200 lives a year while a priest would make 10,000 a year. One more reason why the peasants would resent the rich people; because in source B it states how a family of peasants had to pay so much taxes, because they had to pay 20kg of wheat and 3 chickens as dues to one lords. That’s not all he also had to give to the other lord he had to pay 60kg of oats, one chicken, and five pence not including the taxes they had to pay the king.

Rousseau's writing would mostly influenced the peasants the most because Rousseau's conveys that no one has the power to have total control over anyone and in order to achieve something using force then that violation of the human rights.

The pamphlet was banned in 1775 because the top estates like’s the king, clergy, and the nobility didn't want anyone to find out. They were afraid if the people found out that they would go against them their for they would lose their power.

John Locke and "The Enlightenment"

John Locke was a great influence in the writing of the US Constitution. Thomas Jefferson used many of his words and ideals when he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Jefferson wrote that the people have "unalienable rights", which meant that the people have the right to speak their mind and pursue whatever dreams or goals in mind. John Locke believed when you’re born, you have rights to do what you want; this of course led to the famous quote "all men are created equal" which is written in the Declaration.

The Government power comes directly from the people. This was of course also influenced by John Locke. Although the governing of a King was stopped in Americas we still needed a leader, and that’s where the President comes in. This wouldn't be like a king because this time the people chose the leader and the leader must always think of the people not himself. Now the people were free from the ruling of idiot kings.

Copernicus and the Trial of Galileo

• Geocentric Theory- state that the earth is at the center of the solar system, and that everything revolved around it.
• Heliocentric Theory – states that planets and even the moon revolved around the sun, in a counter-clockwise motion.

The Geocentric Theory came first, saying that everything revolved around the earth, then later on scientists try to prove that theory wrong. They claimed that everything revolved around the sun, using the Heliocentric Theory.

Galileo was on trial because he was questioning God work. He said that “the earth was not the center of the universe”. Catholic Church, condemned him to life imprisonment.

The Catholic Church put Galileo on trial because he said that "the earth was not the center of the universe", their for questioning the holy book.

• Galileo believed that everything revolved around the sun.

Scientific Revolution: The Scientific Method

The Scientific Method, consist of four steps:

1. Observation and description of a phenomenon or group of phenomena.
2. Formulation of a hypothesis to explain the phenomena. In physics, the hypothesis often takes the form of a causal mechanism or a mathematical relation.
3. Use of the hypothesis to predict the existence of other phenomena, or to predict quantitatively the results of new observations.
4. Performance of experimental tests of the predictions by several independent experimenters and properly performed experiments.

The Scientific Method is used to test theory to see if they are true of false. Scientist can experiment over and over again to prove or disprove a theory. Scientist will not just take a theory for granted, they conduct experiments. Then they will draw conclusion on what they observed. The scientific method is still the best way that scientist can determine the truth from lies.

One theory that used the Scientific Method was Aristotle’s theory that heavy objects falls faster than light objects. Well in the late 1500’s Galileo tested this theory. Galileo tested Aristotle’s Theory by going on top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa and dropped stones of different weights. Galileo then observed and collect data. From his finding, he proved Aristotle was wrong and found what we know today; objects of different weights, fall at the same speed using the Scientific Method.

Evolution vs. Creation

Darwin's Theory of Evolution, states that all life is related to one another. Darwin used Natural selection to explain how this theory can be supported he claimed if a specie grows wing then it's offspring will also have that same wing which will make them able to fly, he also claimed that over a period of time that set of species will eventually die out leaving only the superior one. Darwin's theory of evolution is in a crisis because of the advanced in science, research now show us that there in fact tens of thousands of irreducibly complex systems on the cellular level, which is proving Darwin theory wrong.

Creationism is the religious belief that life, Earth, and the universe were created by God. In the West Creationism usually based on creation Genesis, and in its broad sense covers a wide range of beliefs. In 1929 in the United States the term direct creation of individual souls, became associated with the Christian fundamentalist opposition to human evolution and belief in a young Earth. The United State passed a law against the teaching of evolution in public schools.

I belief in Creationism, in my religion Allah (God) created the heavens and the Earth. Islam also states how mankind came in to existents, which is God created Adam from every peace of clay on earth then he breathes into him giving him his soul. Then Adam was sent to Earth. When Adam had a child it would be a boy and a girl. He was to marry a child from one birth to a child from another birth, populating the earth.